Ans. The first president of the Islamic Republic of Pkistan was Iskandar Mirza.

Ans. UNICEF is one of the specialized agenceis of United nations an dis the abbreviated form of "United Nations International Children Emergency Fund."

Ans. The State Bank of Pakistan was inaugurated by Quaid-e-Azam in July, 1948.

Ans. Tarbela Dam is built on River Indus and Mangla Dam is built on River Jhelum.

Ans. The famous and popular poets of Pushto language are:

Ans. The famous and popular poets of Pushto language are:

Ans. The names of famous poets of Punjabi language are given below:

Ans. The constitution of 1962 introduced the presidential form of Government.

Ans. Pakistan is divided into six natural regions.

Ans. The main aims and objectives of United Nations (UNO) are:

(i) The first and foremost aim of U.N.O. is to prevent war and maintain peace in the world through collective efforts.

(ii) To create good will among the nation of the world through economic, social, political dn humanitarism means.

(iii) To eraclicate the evils of caste, colour and creed by means of education.

(iv) Cultivation of friendly relations amont the people on the basis of equality and the principle of self-determination.

(v) Preservation of human rights and fundamental freedom all over the world.

Ans. R.C.D. is the abbreviated form of "Regional Cooperation for Development." The new name is E.C.O. (Economic Cooperation Organization)

Ans. Following are the causes of the formation of All India Muslim League:

(i) Congress - A Hindu Organisation: Hume laid the foundation of Indian National Congress in 1885. But Congress by its policy and propaganda proved itself a Hindu Organisation.

(ii) UnHappy Events of Partition of Bengal: Hindu's attitude towards Muslim interest and the partition of Bengal had exposed Hindu feelings beyond any doubt.

(iii) Safeguard for Urdu: Urdu-Hindu controversy was one of the causes of the creation of Muslim League.

(iv) Propaganda Agains Islam: Some Hindu leaders had raised the slogan "India is for Hindus Only." They starteed propaganda against Islam and Muslims.

Ans. On 1st October 1906, a Muslim deputation consisting of 35 representative met the Viceroy Lord Minto at Simla and presented some demands of Muslims. The Viceroy gave a patient hearing to the demands of the Muslims presented by the Simla Delegation and he promised to give athetic consideration to the demands of Muslims and assured them that the interests of the Muslims would be safeguarded.

Ans. After the First World War, the fate of Ottoman Turkish Empire (Khilafat) was sealed. The Turkish Sultans had claimed to be the Caliphs of the Muslim World. The general impression among the Muslims was that the Western Powers were waging a war against Islam to rob it of all its powers. Muslims of South India took up courage and started "Khilafat Movement in 1919. It's aim was to:

Ans. Besides the national language Urdu, certain regional languages are spoken in Pakistan. These languages are spoken in a limited area, therefore, their status is of regional of provincial language. There are four porvinces in Pakistan. Each province has its own language:

Ans. The general elections for the central legislature Assembly were held in India in December. 1945. The Muslim League won 86.6% of the total Muslim seats. Out of total 102 seats in the centreal Assembly, the Muslim League won 30 seats.

Ans. The following are the member countries of SAARC:

Ans. The water dispute had its origin in the partition of Punjab. It came to light on April 1, 1948, when India cut off the flow of canal water to West Punjab in Pakistan, causing a great threat of famine and loss of crops in West Punjab.

With the Intervention of World Bank, on September 19, 1960, an agreement was concluded between the countries which is known as "Indus Basin Treaty". The treaty was singed by President Ayub Khan from Pakistan side and by Pandit Jauhar Lal Nehru from India in 1961. According to this agreement the Chenab, Jhelum and the Indus rivers were allocated to Pakistan adn three Eastern rivers Sutluj, Bias and Ravi were given to India.

Ans. The first session of the All India Muslim League was held at Karachi on 29th and 30th December, 1907.

Ans. The first constiuent Assembly of Pakistan was dismissed by then the Governor General Ghulam Muhammad on October 24th, 1954.

Ans. Allama Iqbal was born on 9th November 1877 in Sialkot.

Ans. Cash crops supply raw material to industires. Foreign exhange is also earned through export of these crops. The cash-crops of Pakistan are:

Ans. There are four administrative divisons in Sindh.

Ans. The main industries of Pakistan are:

Ans. When the congress ministrers, resigned in October, 1939, the Quaid-e-Azam appealed to the Muslims of India to observe a "Deliverance Day" on December 22, 1939 and expressed their relief at the termination of Congress rule which had been too hostile during the last two years. He also appealed that the Day should be observed peacefully. The Deliverance Day was observed peacefully throughout the country.

Ans. The Zakat System was introduced in the country through the Zakat and Ushr Ordinance on June 20, 1980. According to this ordinance, Zakat fund would be established to collect these sorts of gifts and it was compulsory for every Sahib-e-Nisab Muslim whether male of female to pay Zakat by deducting it from his or her account in the bank.

Ans. The Hindu society was divided into the following four casts:

Ans. The Brahmans are considered the most superior in the Hindu society.

Ans. The occupation of Khatris was to fight and defend the country.

Ans. The people of the Vaish caste are farmers, traders, industrialists and artisans.

Ans. The people of Shooder caste were considered the lowest of other castes. They had to serve the other castes, i.e. they were slaved.

Ans. The Mughal army consisted of people belonging to different communities of India and speaking different langauges. By intermingling of these people, a new language by the nameof Urdu came into existance.

Ans. The sufis and saints who worked for the spreading of Islam in South Asia are:

Ans. Pakistan came into existence of the basis of one ideology and this ideology refers that Islam is the religion of all the Muslims and this Islamic ideology is the Idology of Pakistan.

Ans. The British had made North West Frontier Province as "Non-Constitutional Land."

Ans. The partitionof Bengal took place in 1905 and this was the first right step taken by the British towards the interests of Muslims, but the narrow-minded Hindus could not bear this and due to their opposition the annulment of partition took place in 1911.

Ans. In the Nehru Report, the Hindus did no respect the rights and interesets of Muslims and not fulfilled the promises made by them. Therefore, the Muslims did not accept the Nehru Report.

Ans. Quaid-e-Azam presented his fourteen points in reply to the Nehru Report.

Ans. The Round Table Conference failed due to the narrow-mindedness and negative attitute of the Hindus.

Ans. The important points of Indian Independence Act are:

(i) The legislative supremacy of the two Dominions.

(ii) The legislatures of the two Dominions were given full powers to make laws having extra-territorial jurisdication.

(iii) The Brigish Government was to have no control over the affairs of the Dominions, provinces or any part of the Dominions after 15th August, 1947.

Ans. The important points of 3rd June Plan are as follows:

(i) India was to be divided into Hindustan and Pakistan.

(ii) Pakistan was to comprise the Muslim majority areas with a right to secede from the rest of India.

(iii) The Muslims majority areas would be demarcated by a Joint Boundary Commission.

(iv) Bengal would be partitioned into Muslim and Hindu majority areas.

Ans. The Labour Party ruled the Government of Britain when India was partitioned.

Ans. (i) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan

(ii) Nawab Salim Ullah

(iii) Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk

(iv) Nawab Waqar-ul-Mulk

(v) Sir Agha Khan

(vi) Allama Iqbal

(vii) Quaid-e-Azam

Ans. The British Government promised the people of sub-continent that India will be partitioned after the end of the Second World War.

Ans. The Security Council of United Nations passed two resolutions on 17th August, 1948 and 5th January, 1949.

Ans. The Quaid-e-Azam remarked about Radcliff Commisssion or Radcliff Award:

Ans. According to the census of 1941, the Muslim population in Kashmir was 96% and in Jammu, it was 70%

Ans. In the period of third Prime Minister, Mr. Muhammad Ali Bogra, great efforts were made for the preparation of the constitution. In the light of the recommendations of the committee he was able to prepare a draft bill of the constitution which is known as "Muhammad Ali Bogra's Formula." In this formula, it was suggested to give equal representation to East and West Pakistan.

Ans. The Objective Resolution was passed on 12th March, 1949 in the Constituent Assembly.

Ans. It was hoped that after Muhammad Ali Bogra Formula, a constitution would be made in the country but in 1954, the Governor General dismissed the Constituent Assembly and in 1955, a new constituent Assembly was elected which started the work of constitution making.

Ans. The constitution of 1956 lasted for only two and a half years. On 7th October, 1958, the army took over the government.

Ans. The council which was established to point out the non-Islamic things is known as "Islamic Ideology Council."

Ans. This constitution lasted for 7 years. On 25th March, 1969, Ayub Khan resigned and gave teh power to the army. General Yahya Khan dismissed the 1962 constitution and enforceed Martial Law in the country.

Ans. The legal frame work order was issued on March 30th, 1970. The said or4der contained the fundamental principles of the constitution to be framed by the elected assembly as well as the number of seats in National and Provincial Assembly for the General Elections to be held.

Ans. Shariat Courts were established in 1979 and its head office is at Islamabad.

Ans. On 1st January, 1981, an interest-free banking system was introduced in the country. According to this system, the account holder was made a partner with the bak in its profit or loss by shring it according to his investment in the bank.

Ans. The elections held in the country were not fair. The people started the Nizam-e-Mustafa Movement. The government held discussion but no results were obtained. As a result, the army on 5th July 1977 took control of the power.

Ans. Pakistan is geographically located between 23.45 to 36.45 North Latitude and about 61 to 75.5 East longitude in South Asia. The country is surrounded by Bharat in East, Afghanistan in the North West, Iran in the West and the Arabian Sea in the South.

Ans. The total area of Pakistan is 796096 square kilometers.

Ans. The land or space between two rivers is known as "Doab."

Ans. There are four seasons in Pakistan.

(i) Summer - From May till September

(ii) Winter - From November till February

(iii) Spring - The season of March and April

(iv) Autumn - Spetember and October

Ans. The important departments of Government of Pakistan are as follows:

(i) Foreign Office

(ii) Defence Department

(iii) Interior Ministry

(iv) Finance Department

(v) Education Department

(vi) Health Department

(vii) Communication Department

Ans. The Federa Government through its appointed agent keeps in touch with the leaders of tribal areas and controls the system of these areas. The shol are comes under the control of Jirga. This Jirga is a council comprising of the religious and experienced people of these tribes.

Ans. Culture is the history of the society and reflects its social past. Culture means behaviour peculiar to its human beings. Culture consists of languages, literature, ideas, beliefs, customs, habits, codes, dress, diet, art, moral, institution, laws, etc.

Ans. Human civilization started from those areas where water, air and other geographicsl conditions were in much condition for life. Therefore, fertile valley of rivers include Dajla Dafrat (Iraq), Valley of Nite (Egypt) and Indus Valley (Pakistan). The evolution of population started from these areas and civilised life began.

Ans. The land of Pakistan is proud to have the birth fo the historical civilization of the valley of Indus. This civilization was at its peak about four or five thousand years ago.

Ans. Indus Valley means those areas which are situated near the River Indus and it's neighbouring Rivers. It's present name is Pakistan.

Ans. The areas of Pubjab and N.W.F.P. which at present situated near Rawalpindi and Peshawar were in the old days given the name of Gandhara Civilization. About two and half thousand years ago, this civilization was at its peak whose art and culture especially art of painting and stone carving are famous.

Ans. (i) The Fort of Agra

(ii) Taj Mahal, Agra

(iii) Shahi Qila, Dehli

(iv) The Tomb of Jehangir, Lahore

(v) Badshahi Mosjid, Lahore

(vi) Masjid Wazir Khan, Lahore

(vii) Jamai Masjid, Thatta

Ans. The Britishers brought an imperialist system. The imperialist system means that local cultural and social agencies should be so bound by a political structure that they loose ther identification.

Ans. Muslims invaded South Asia in 712 A.D. when Muhammad Bin Qasim defeated the army of Raja Dahir and established an Islamic Welfare State.

Ans. Humayan brought back two artist Mir Syed Ali Tabrezi and Khawaja Abdul Samad from Iran.

Ans. Jehangir had great interest in the art of painting. He claimed that he can identify a painter by seeing his paintings. In this era, this art was at its peak. Beautiful pictures of flowers. plants, animals, birds and natural scenes were made. The pictures of war fighting are magnificient examples of realistic art.

Ans. Amir Khusro was the first musician of the Muslim era. He invented many rags in music.

Ans. Hindu extremist Movement such as Shoodhi, Shungthan and Arya Samaj wanted to convert Muslims to Hundus and wanted diminish the separate identity and culture of the Muslims so that the Muslims could leave India.

Ans. Allama Iqbal gave the message to the Muslims of India that they should develop the feeling of Islamic brotherhood and Jihad so that they could become independent.

Ans. Quaid-e-Azam described the main objective of the creation of Pakistan in the following words:

Ans. Pakistani culture is a mixed culture. There is still some impact of foreign traditions in our society. We have adopted Western Music and their style of living. Although majority of the people are Muslims, there is a mixed culture of Hindus, Britishers and Muslims.

Ans. Pakistan was established so that the Muslims could lead their lives according to the teachings and principles of Islam. Pakistani culture is predominantly an Islamic culture. Pakistan inspite of the differences of religion, language and customs commonly follow the religion of Islam.

Ans. Pakistani are include the following:

(i) Stone Carving

(ii) Carpet Making

(iii) Embriodery

Ans. In Pakistan, about 30 small and big languages are spoken. These include Urdu, Sindhi, Pushto, Punjabi, Baluchi, Kashmiri and Brahvi.

Ans. In the beginning Urdu was given the name Hindavi, Hindi and Hindustani. Later on, it was given the name Urdu-e-Moalla and Rekhta. And now it is given the name Urdu.

Ans. Pushto is the language of N.W.F.P. The people speaking these languages are called Pukhtoon or Pushtoon. This language started about 5000 years in Afghanistan. Bakhtar or Bakht. Due to this it was given the name Bakhto which later became Pukhto or Pushto.

Ans. Abul-Hasan Sindhi began Sindhi Language in Arabic script.

Ans. Folk tales are very popular in Punjabi literature. The poets gave thses tales into poetic forms. These tales include romances like Hir Ranjha, Sasshi Panhu and Sohni Mahiwal.

Ans. The famous tales of Balochi language are:

(i) Chakar Khan

(ii) Hamal Rando - Hanaz

(iii) Berang-o-Grahan

(iv) Nazshah Hured Dahanni

Ans. The classical poets of Urdu are:

(i) Mir Taqi Mir

(ii) Mirza Ghalib

(iii) Mir Dard

Ans. Amir Krore is considered the first poet of Pushto.

Ans. Sindhi language is influenced by Darawdi, Sanskrit, Greek, Turkish, Pushto and other languages.

Ans. Shah-jo-Risalo is the poetic collection of famous Sindhi poet Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai.

Ans. Punjabi has its links with Hadmai or Draudi civilizations.

Ans. The different styles of speech of Punjabi language are Mulsani, Saraiki, Shahpure, Potohari, etc.

Ans. Three classical poets of Punjabi are:

(i) Shah Hussain

(ii) Bulleh Shah

(iii) Sultan Bahu

Ans. Hir Ranjha was written by Waris Shah

Ans. The famous tale of Hashim Shah is Sassi Panhu.

Ans. Baluchi languages has its link with Aryan Languages.

Ans. The two styles of speeches of Baluchi are:

(i) Mehrani

(ii) Sulemani

Ans. Kashmiri has many ascents. These are Salmani, Hindki, Gandro and Gami but Gandro leads all the ascents.

Ans. The following are fundamental principles of Pakistan's foreign policy.

(i) Protection of freedom and sovereignity.

(ii) Close relations with Muslim countries.

(iii) Keeping away from big power politics.

(iv) Support for self-determination

(v) Implementation of United Nations Charter

(vi) Promotion of peace and friendship

(vii) Non-Alignment

Ans. Pakistan is the active member of the following internation organisations:

(i) United Nations Organisation (U.N.O.)

(ii) Non-Aligned Movement (N.A.M.)

(iii) Organization of Islamic Conference (O.I.C.)

(iv) Economic Cooperation Organization (E.C.O.)

Ans. The foundation of United Nations (U.N.O.) was laid on 24th October, 1945.

Ans. The organs of U.N.O. are:

(i) General Assembly

(ii) Security Council

(iii) Economic and Social Council

(iv) Trustee-Ship Council

(v) Secretariat

(vi) Internationl Court of Justice

Ans. There are several specialized bodies which are asssociated with the work of the United Nations. The most specialized bodies are:

(i) UNICEF - United Nations Internation Childeren Emergency Fund.

(ii) UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation.

(iii) FAO - Food and Agricultural Organisation

(iv) WHO - World Health Organisation

(v) ILO - International Labour Organisation

(vi) WB - World Bank

Ans. The main objective of Non-Aligned Movement was not to join any of the big powers and to keep away from big power politics.

Ans. In July 1964, Iran, Pakistan and Turky with mutual understanding laid the foundation of R.C.D. (Regional Cooperation of Development). Now, its new name is Economic Cooperation Organization (E.C.O.).